The granular shape of
titanium powder includes spherical, polygonal, sponge, and flake shapes. The granular shape is related to the method of preparing titanium powder. The requirements for titanium powder generally include three aspects, namely purity, particle size and granular shape. Titanium powder is divided into 4 grades. The size of 1000-50um is coarse powder, 50-10um is fine powder, 10-0.upm is fine powder, and less than 0.5um is superfine powder. The purity of titanium powder includes titanium content and impurity content. The purity of titanium powder is related to its size. For products of the same specification, the smaller the size, the lower the purity. Generally, coarse titanium powder with a titanium content greater than or equal to 99%, or close to 99%, is called a grade (if it is a titanium alloy powder, it should include alloy components), and products below this component are called foreign products. In the grade. Except for special application requirements, it is generally classified by oxygen content. That is, the lower the oxygen content, the better the quality and the higher the grade. Those with an oxygen content of less than 0.15% are high-quality titanium powders.
There are several methods for adding titanium to aluminum alloys. One is to add intermediate titanium alloys in block or filament form; the other is to add titanium additives to add titanium element; Casting structure, not alloying elements, does not do composition analysis.
(1) Titanium additives. Titanium additives are used to adjust the titanium content in aluminum alloys. It is pressed into titanium or aluminum powder or flux salt to form a block or cake. The amount of titanium-containing powder is 55% -75%, and the amount of aluminum-containing powder or flux salt is 45% -25%, which is put into the molten aluminum alloy according to the demand. If such additives use flux salts as ingredients, care should be taken not to absorb moisture or moisture. In fact, the flux salts in the product are useless. It is best to add packaged pure metal powder.
(2) Titanium refiner. The elements of titanium refiner in the alloy are not the components of the alloy, but the elements that play a role in refining the structure during the smelting and casting process. They are mixed with titanium powder and salt chemicals and pressed into a block or cake. There are generally three types of titanium. 30%, 40% and 60%, plus boron-containing salts (boron content of 1%, 2%, 3% or 4%), and the rest are added with NaCl and KC1. The market supplies Ti40B4, Ti30B4, Ti30B3 and Ti60Bl and other products.
Among more than 150 kinds of deformed aluminum alloys, about 120 brands are added with titanium, but the added amount is not much, between 0.02% -0.4%. Among about 40 kinds of cast aluminum alloys, there are 13 grades with titanium, generally 0.08% -0.35%. The main purpose of adding titanium is to refine the casting structure and weld structure, reduce the tendency of cracking and improve mechanical properties. The role of adding titanium is to form a compound TiAl with titanium as a non-spontaneous core, which refines the cast structure when the aluminum alloy solidifies. Sometimes a small amount of B is added in combination with Ti to form a TiB2 compound, which promotes the refinement of Ti.
Spherical titanium powder has the characteristics of high sphericity, good fluidity, high loose density and low oxygen content. The basic principle and current research status of several common preparation processes of spherical titanium powder were introduced, including atomization method, plasma rotation electrode process, plasma torch atomization method and radio frequency plasma spheroidization method. The atomization method is the main production method of spherical titanium powder, including inert gas atomization and centrifugal atomization method. The inert gas atomization method has the characteristics of high production efficiency, wide particle size distribution and high recovery rate of fine powder, which is the main method of producing spherical titanium powder at present. The powder produced by plasma rotary electrode has the characteristics of high sphericity and good fluidity, but low recovery of fine powder. The plasma torch atomizing method can produce titanium powder with high sphericity and good fluidity, but the production cost is higher. The titanium powder produced by radio frequency plasma spheroidization method has the characteristics of high sphericity and good fluidity, but the method has low production capacity.
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