As a strengthening phase, zirconium carbide can directly prevent the movement of dislocations or stabilize grain boundaries and sub-grain boundaries, limit the slip or climb of movable dislocations, and thus can improve the wear resistance and strength of the material, especially the high temperature creep resistance of the material. It has a good application prospect. ZrC can be used as a particle reinforcement to prepare composite materials, especially ZrC/W composite materials. ZrC not only has good high temperature strength, but also has good compatibility with W, and has a similar thermal expansion coefficient. A certain amount of ZrC is added to the tungsten alloy , Not only can greatly improve the high temperature strength of the material, but also the anti-oxidation and ablation properties are also significantly improved. The properties of ZrC are similar to TiC, and it can also form a solid solution (Zr, W) C with W, and (Zr, W) C has higher high temperature strength and hardness than ZrC, so the formation of solid solution area on the reinforcement carbide will promote The strengthening effect of ZrC on the W matrix. The addition of ZrC can also inhibit the growth of W grains, and the fine grains are beneficial to improve the fracture properties of the matrix. In addition, the crystal lattice of ZrC is cubic like copper, which has little effect on the lattice distortion of copper. At the same time, ZrC has obvious metal characteristics and good conductivity. It can be used as a dispersion enhancement phase of copper to make the copper base The tensile strength and Brinell hardness of composite materials have been significantly improved.

3 Zirconium carbide is used for high temperature coating

Zirconium carbide has a high melting point and can form a dense oxide layer on the surface at ultra-high temperatures, reducing the diffusion rate of oxygen into the matrix and preventing further oxidation, so it can be used as a high-temperature coating and thermal insulation material. The dense ZrC coating has good thermal stress resistance and thermal insulation performance and can be used as a thermal insulation material; the high-density dense ZrC coating has good penetration resistance and can be used as a protective coating. The United States, Russia, France and other countries have proposed to use refractory carbide coatings in recent years to improve the oxidation resistance of carbon-carbon composites, reduce the ablation rate, and withstand higher gas temperatures or longer working hours. The molten carbides include ZrC, SiC, TaC, HfC, NbC and so on.

4 Zirconium carbide is used in nuclear materials-barrier materials for coating nuclear fuel particles

In the atomic energy industry, SiC coating is generally used for coated fuel particles in high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, but the SiC coating will be thermally decomposed above 1700°C, and the phase transition from β-SiC to α-SiC will occur, and its mechanical properties will be rapid Decrease; At present, the coated fuel particles tend to work at higher temperatures, which requires finding a material with better performance as a barrier layer for coated fuel particles. This material must have high strength and hardness at high temperatures. Thermal neutron absorption cross-section and good anti-stealing performance, ZrC has a microhardness of 2600kg/mm2, neutron absorption cross-section is very low, and radiation resistance is also good. Therefore, ZrC may become a new material that replaces SiC as a barrier layer for coated fuel particles. The ZrC coating has a low neutron absorption cross-section and a strong ability to block the release of radioactive fission products. The diffusion coefficient of the ZrC coating is higher than that of the SiC coating at 160℃. The diffusion coefficient in is 2 orders of magnitude lower. The coated fuel particles prepared with ZrC coating have good performance and can be used under higher temperature conditions.

5 Zirconium carbide is used for functional materials

Zirconium carbide has the characteristics of efficiently absorbing visible light and reflecting infrared. When it absorbs 95% of the sunlight in the short-wavelength energy below 2μm, the energy can be stored in the material through thermal conversion. It also has the ability to reflect infrared wavelengths exceeding 2μm. Characteristics. The wavelength of infrared rays produced by the human body is about 10μm. When a person wears clothing made of fabric mixed with ZrC fiber, ZrC can absorb the infrared radiation in the sunlight, increase the temperature of the clothing, and transmit it to the human body as infrared radiation. At the same time, the heating of the clothing makes the temperature difference between the human body and the clothing smaller, which reduces the heat transfer from the human body to the clothing, and ZrC can also reflect most of the heat transferred from the human body to the clothing in the form of infrared radiation. The effect of different ZrC and SiC powder content and addition methods on the near-infrared absorption performance of the fiber. When the content of ZrC or SiC in the fiber reaches 4%, the near-infrared absorption performance of the fiber is the best. Add ZrC and SiC to the sheath of the fiber The near-infrared absorbing effect in the medium is better than the effect added in the core layer. People have studied the process, fiber structure and properties of heat-storing and temperature-regulating fibers prepared by phase-change material microcapsule melt spinning and solution spinning processes, and made fibers containing 20% and 30% phase-change material microcapsules, respectively. These fibers have obvious thermal energy absorption and storage functions, and processed textiles have temperature regulation functions.

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